SR&ED · rates by province and territory

SR&ED tax credit rates by province: your combined federal + provincial rate

The federal credit is only half the answer. Nine provinces and Yukon run their own R&D credit on top of it and three jurisdictions run none at all, and the two rates do not simply add. This page gives every jurisdiction's combined rate, in percent and in dollars, shows the arithmetic each time, and lets you pick your province to see your own stack.

45% is British Columbia's combined headline SR&ED rate for a CCPC: 35% federal plus 10% provincial. It is also not what reaches your account. The provincial credit reduces your federal expenditure base, so the cash rate is 41.5%. Both numbers are below, for all 13 jurisdictions, and the explorer at the top of the page computes yours.
10active R&D tax-credit records in the catalogue
10jurisdictions with an R&D credit (9 provinces + Yukon)
3jurisdictions with no R&D credit at all
3.5–30%range of stated provincial rates

Updated September 2026. Every figure on this page is sourced to the Canada Revenue Agency or the administering province, linked at the point of use, and cross-checked against the 10 active R&D tax-credit records in the GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026; Newfoundland & Labrador and Yukon are covered from CRA sources because the catalogue does not yet carry their records.

The short answer. A Canadian-controlled private corporation earns a 35% refundable federal SR&ED credit on the first $6 million of qualified expenditures. Budget 2025 raised that expenditure limit directly from $3 million to $6 million, lifting the maximum enhanced credit to $2.1 million a year. On top of that, the stated provincial rates run from 3.5% to 30%, or zero.

Quebec is the highest, at a 20% to 30% refundable credit that stacks on the federal 35%. Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are the lowest at 35% combined, because none of the three offers a provincial or territorial R&D credit at all. Newfoundland and Labrador and Yukon sit one tier up, with real 15% refundable CRA-administered credits the catalogue does not yet carry. Everywhere else falls between.

Pick your province: what is your combined rate?

Choose a province or territory: the explorer renders the federal rate, the provincial layer, the refundability and the stacking arithmetic from the catalogue data and CRA sources, with the gap between the headline sum and the cash rate drawn on the bar.

35%Federal rate (CCPC)
NoneProvincial rate
35.0%Combined cash rate
No provincial credit
Stacked bar comparing the headline rate sum with the combined cash rate headline sum Federal 35%

No provincial layer selected. Without a provincial credit the combined rate is the federal 35% alone: on $500,000 of qualifying spend, $175,000 back, all of it refundable for a CCPC.

Federal program: Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SR&ED), claimed on Form T661 within 18 months of your tax year end.

Rates: GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026 (10 active R&D tax-credit records). Combined cash rate = federal + provincial − (federal × provincial), because the provincial credit reduces the federal expenditure base.

What is the combined SR&ED rate in each province and territory?

Quick answer: For a Canadian-controlled private corporation with $500,000 of qualifying expenditure, combined cash recovery runs from $175,000 in the three jurisdictions with no provincial or territorial credit (P.E.I., N.W.T., Nunavut) to $272,500 in Quebec at the top of its 20% to 30% band. The table is the whole picture; each section below shows the arithmetic.
Combined SR&ED position for a CCPC, by jurisdiction, September 2026. “Combined headline” is the federal 35% plus the provincial rate; “cash on $500,000” is what actually comes back after the provincial credit reduces the federal base. GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.
JurisdictionProvincial rateRefundable?Combined headlineCash on $500,000
Quebec20% to 30% (CRIC)Yes55% to 65%$240,000 to $272,500
Alberta20% incremental / 8% baseYes55% / 43%$240,000 / $201,000
Manitoba15%50% in-house; 100% contracted50%$186,250 in-house / $223,750 contracted
New Brunswick15%Yes50%$223,750
Newfoundland & Labrador15%Yes50%$223,750
Nova Scotia15%Yes50%$223,750
Yukon15% (+5% university)Yes50%$223,750
British Columbia10%Yes, to the $6M base45%$207,500
Saskatchewan10%Yes, to $2M of spend45%$207,500
Ontario8% (OITC) + 3.5% (ORDTC)OITC only43% (+3.5% non-refundable)$201,000
Prince Edward IslandNone offeredNone35%$175,000
Northwest TerritoriesNone offeredNone35%$175,000
NunavutNone offeredNone35%$175,000
GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026 (10 active R&D tax-credit records; provincesWithRDCredit and provincesWithoutRDCredit keys) plus CRA sources for Newfoundland & Labrador and Yukon, whose real 15% refundable credits have no catalogue record yet. Per-record rates, not aggregates.

Why the combined rate is never the sum of the two headline rates

Quick answer: A provincial or territorial R&D credit is government assistance, and government assistance reduces your pool of qualified SR&ED expenditures. The provincial credit is calculated first, then subtracted from the base the federal 35% applies to. The formula is federal + provincial − (federal × provincial), so the two rates compound rather than add.

Here is the rule that surprises everyone, in the CRA's own words from its Assistance and Contract Payments Policy: “A provincial or territorial R&D tax credit is government assistance and it will reduce a claimant's pool of deductible SR&ED expenditures and the qualified SR&ED expenditures,” and that applies “regardless of whether the credit is refundable or non-refundable.” The headline sum is still the number every provincial fact sheet quotes, and the one your accountant will recognise; it is simply not the cheque.

$240,000 Combined cash refund on the spend entered: the provincial layer first, then the federal 35% on what remains. Without JavaScript, the worked B.C. example below shows the same arithmetic by hand.
Stacking rule: CRA, Assistance and Contract Payments Policy §4.5 (provincial credits reduce qualified expenditures, refundable or not). Provincial rates: GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.
The B.C. arithmetic, in full: CCPC, $500,000 of qualifying expenditure
StepCalculationAmount
B.C. credit10% × $500,000$50,000
Federal credit35% × ($500,000 − $50,000)$157,500
Combined cash41.5% effective$207,500
Source: CRA, Assistance and Contract Payments Policy §4.5; Province of British Columbia.

Verdict

The best jurisdiction to incur R&D expenditure in, purely on rate, is Quebec: at the top of its band a CCPC spending $500,000 on qualifying work recovers $272,500 in cash, $97,500 more than the identical company would recover in Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories or Nunavut. That gap is real money, but it is not a reason to relocate: the credit follows where the work is physically carried out, and moving an R&D team costs more than the spread.

Every jurisdiction with a credit, one at a time

Nine provinces and Yukon run an R&D credit on top of the federal layer. The GrantCompass catalogue carries an active record for eight of those provinces plus the federal SR&ED program itself; Newfoundland & Labrador and Yukon have real CRA-administered 15% refundable credits that the catalogue does not yet carry, and their sections below are sourced to the CRA. Each section stands on its own. Figures assume a Canadian-controlled private corporation with $500,000 of qualifying SR&ED expenditure, inside every expenditure limit and below every phase-out threshold, with the provincial-then-federal stacking arithmetic applied.

Quebec: a 20% to 30% refundable credit, the highest stated rate in Canada

Quick answer: Quebec's stated provincial rate is 20% to 30%, refundable, and it stacks on the federal 35%. Combined cash rate: 48% at the bottom of the band, 54.5% at the top. On $500,000 of qualifying spend that is $240,000 to $272,500 back.
FactQuebec
Provincial rate20% to 30%, varies by firm size and region
RefundabilityRefundable
ProgramCRIC (replaced the legacy R&D credits for taxation years beginning after March 25, 2025)
Claim formRD-1029.8.CR-T, filed with the Quebec CO-17 return
Filing windowWithin 18 months of fiscal year-end
Record: Quebec R&D Tax Credit (CRIC), GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026. Rate stated as “20-30%” in the record; refundability stated.

For taxation years beginning after 25 March 2025, Quebec's legacy R&D credits are replaced by the CRIC, the tax credit for research, innovation and commercialization. You can still claim the legacy credits for any taxation year that begins before 26 March 2025, and each such year carries its own filing deadline. The record states the CRIC rate as 20% to 30%, refundable, varying by firm size and region: any single-number summary of “the Quebec rate” is wrong for somebody. The claim is filed annually with the Quebec CO-17 corporation tax return on form RD-1029.8.CR-T, within 18 months of fiscal year-end.

Quebec: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend, shown across the full stated band
Layer20% band30% band
Quebec CRIC$100,000$150,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $400,000 = $140,00035% of $350,000 = $122,500
Combined cash$240,000 (48.0%)$272,500 (54.5%)
Sources: Gouvernement du Québec, CRIC; catalogue record Quebec R&D Tax Credit (CRIC). The CRIC's own exclusion thresholds are set out in the Revenu Québec materials and are not restated here.

Alberta: 55% in a growing R&D year, 43% once spending levels off

Quick answer: The Alberta Innovation Employment Grant pays 20% on R&D spending above your prior two-year average and 8% on spending at or below it, both refundable. Combined cash rate: 48% on the incremental tier, 40.2% on the base tier.
FactAlberta
Provincial rate20% above the two-year base / 8% on the base
RefundabilityRefundable (paid through the corporate tax system)
Size limitsFull benefit below $10M taxable capital; phased out to nil at $50M
Claim formAT1 Schedule 29
Filing windowWithin 21 months of fiscal year-end; federal T661 prerequisite within 18 months
Record: Alberta Innovation Employment Grant, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026. Rates stated in the record at 20% and 8%; refundability stated.

Alberta is the one province whose rate depends on whether your R&D is growing. The record states the structure plainly: an 8% credit on eligible R&D spending up to a firm's base spending level, and 20% on spending above it. A first-year R&D spend has a base of zero, so all of it earns the 20% tier. The grant covers up to $4 million of annual R&D spending, is refundable, and phases out with taxable capital: full benefit below $10 million, gone entirely at $50 million. One number to keep separate: that $4 million is an Alberta cap and has nothing to do with the federal SR&ED expenditure limit, which Budget 2025 set at $6 million. There has never been a $4 million federal SR&ED limit.

Alberta: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend, first year of R&D (20% tier)
LayerRateAmount
Alberta IEG20% incremental$100,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $400,000$140,000
Combined cash48.0% effective$240,000
At the 8% base tier the same spend returns $201,000 (40.2% effective). Sources: Alberta.ca, Innovation Employment Grant; catalogue record Alberta Innovation Employment Grant.

Manitoba: a 50% headline where only 37.25% reaches you in cash, unless you contract the work

Quick answer: Manitoba's stated credit is 15% on eligible SR&ED. The refundable share is 50% on in-house R&D but 100% when the work is contracted to a qualifying Manitoba research institute. Combined cash on $500,000: $186,250 in-house, or $223,750 contracted.
FactManitoba
Provincial rate15%
Refundability50% refundable in-house; 100% refundable via qualifying institute contract
Unused non-refundable half3-year carryback, 20-year carryforward
Claim routeWith the T2 return; federal T661 is the gateway
Filing windowWithin 18 months of fiscal year-end; expenditures identified within 12 months of the return's due date
Record: Manitoba Research and Development Tax Credit, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026. Rates and refundable split stated verbatim in the record.

This is the province where the headline rate misleads most. The record states a 15% credit with the refundable portion at 50% for in-house R&D and 100% for contract research with qualifying Manitoba institutes. The non-refundable half is not lost: it carries back three years and forward twenty, but it is only worth something once you owe Manitoba tax, which a company doing serious R&D often does not. The structure of the work, not the size of the claim, decides what you actually receive.

Manitoba: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend, in-house R&D
LayerRateAmount
Manitoba credit, refundable half7.5% in cash$37,500
Federal SR&ED35% of $425,000$148,750
Combined cash37.25% effective$186,250
A further $37,500 is carried as a non-refundable credit. Contract the same work to a qualifying Manitoba research institute and the full $75,000 becomes refundable, taking combined cash to $223,750 (44.75%). Sources: Manitoba Finance; catalogue record Manitoba R&D Tax Credit.

New Brunswick: 15% refundable, no cap

Quick answer: New Brunswick provides a fully refundable 15% credit on eligible SR&D expenditures, with no cap stated in the record. Combined cash rate on the federal base: 44.75%, or $223,750 on $500,000 of spend.
FactNew Brunswick
Provincial rate15%
RefundabilityFully refundable, no cap stated
Eligibility coreN.B. corporation with a permanent establishment in the province; expenditures qualify as SR&ED under the federal Income Tax Act
Claim formSchedule 360, with the annual corporate return
Filing windowOngoing; no intake windows or application round
Record: New Brunswick Research and Development Tax Credit, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.

New Brunswick is the simplest structure in the country after the federal layer itself: a fully refundable 15% on eligible expenditures, no application round, no competition, no cap stated in the record. If your corporation has a permanent establishment in the province and the work qualifies as SR&ED under the federal Income Tax Act, you file Schedule 360 with the annual corporate return and the credit comes back in cash.

New Brunswick: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend
LayerRateAmount
N.B. R&D credit15% refundable$75,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $425,000$148,750
Combined cash44.75% effective$223,750
Sources: Government of New Brunswick, Finance; catalogue record New Brunswick R&D Tax Credit.

Newfoundland and Labrador: 15% fully refundable, claimed on Schedule 301

Quick answer: Newfoundland and Labrador provides a fully refundable 15% credit on eligible expenditures for R&D carried out in the province, administered by the CRA. Combined cash rate: 44.75%, or $223,750 on $500,000 of spend. Not yet a separate record in the GrantCompass catalogue.
FactNewfoundland and Labrador
Provincial rate15%
RefundabilityFully refundable, applied first against total taxes payable
Claim formSchedule 301
Filing windowNo later than 12 months after the corporation's filing due date, a tighter window than the federal 18 months
Sources: CRA, Newfoundland and Labrador R&D tax credit; N.L. Department of Finance. Not yet a separate record in the GrantCompass catalogue.

The provincial credit is 15% of eligible expenditures for R&D carried out in the province, and the CRA describes it as “fully refundable, but must first be applied against total taxes payable.” It is claimed on Schedule 301, filed no later than 12 months after the corporation's filing due date, a tighter window than the federal 18 months and the reason some Newfoundland claimants recover the federal half and forfeit the provincial one.

Newfoundland and Labrador: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend
LayerRateAmount
N.L. R&D credit15% refundable$75,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $425,000$148,750
Combined cash44.75% effective$223,750
Sources: CRA, Newfoundland and Labrador R&D tax credit; N.L. Department of Finance. Not yet a separate record in the GrantCompass catalogue.

Nova Scotia: 15% refundable, no cap

Quick answer: Nova Scotia's refundable provincial credit is 15% of eligible SR&ED spending, with no cap stated in the record. Combined cash rate: 44.75%, or $223,750 on $500,000 of spend.
FactNova Scotia
Provincial rate15%
RefundabilityRefundable, no cap stated; refund available where the corporation has or would have taxable income allocated to Nova Scotia
Claim formSchedule 340, with the T2 corporate return
Filing windowOngoing; CRA states no later than 18 months after the corporation's tax year-end
Record: Nova Scotia Research and Development Tax Credit, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.

Nova Scotia matches New Brunswick almost rate for rate: a refundable 15% on qualifying expenditures incurred in the province, claimed on Schedule 340 with the corporate return, with taxation years 1998 and later in scope. The record carries one nuance worth reading closely: the refund is available where the corporation has or would have taxable income allocated to Nova Scotia. In practice, model your Nova Scotia allocation before you count the full 15% as cash.

Nova Scotia: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend
LayerRateAmount
N.S. R&D credit15% refundable$75,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $425,000$148,750
Combined cash44.75% effective$223,750
Sources: Nova Scotia Department of Finance; catalogue record Nova Scotia R&D Tax Credit.

Yukon: 15% fully refundable, and 55% combined on work paid to Yukon University

Quick answer: Yukon provides a fully refundable 15% credit on eligible expenditures incurred in the territory, plus 5% more on amounts paid or payable to Yukon University, both administered by the CRA. Combined cash rate: 44.75%, or $223,750 on $500,000 of spend with no university contracting. Not yet a separate record in the GrantCompass catalogue.
FactYukon
Territorial rate15%, plus 5% on amounts paid or payable to Yukon University
RefundabilityFully refundable
Claim formSchedule 442
Filing windowWithin 18 months of the end of the tax year
Source: CRA, Yukon research and development tax credit. Not yet a separate record in the GrantCompass catalogue.

Yukon is the only territory with an R&D tax credit, which is why blanket statements that “no territory offers one” are wrong. The CRA sets the credit at “15% of eligible expenditures incurred in the tax year” plus “5% of eligible expenditures included above paid or payable to Yukon University,” and it is fully refundable. File Schedule 442 within 18 months of the end of the tax year.

Yukon: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend, no university contracting
LayerRateAmount
Yukon R&D credit15% refundable$75,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $425,000$148,750
Combined cash44.75% effective$223,750
Source: CRA, Yukon research and development tax credit. Not yet a separate record in the GrantCompass catalogue. Yukon's Small Business Investment Tax Credit is a different program, a 25% credit for investors buying shares, not an R&D credit.

British Columbia: 10% refundable, and the credit is now permanent

Quick answer: B.C.'s stated credit is 10% refundable up to a $6 million expenditure base, with a 10% non-refundable credit on amounts above it. Budget 2026 made the credit permanent. Combined cash rate below the base: 41.5%, or $207,500 on $500,000.
FactBritish Columbia
Provincial rate10% refundable to a $6M base; 10% non-refundable above
Who claims the refundable creditCCPCs; eligible Canadian public corporations for tax years beginning on or after December 16, 2024
StatusPermanent (Budget 2026 removed the previous sunset)
Claim formForm T666
Filing windowNo later than 18 months after the end of the tax year
Record: B.C. SR&ED Tax Credit, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.

B.C. Budget 2026 made the provincial SR&ED credit permanent, removing the sunset date it previously carried, and extended the refundable credit beyond CCPCs to eligible Canadian public corporations for tax years beginning on or after 16 December 2024. Below the expenditure base the credit is 10% refundable; spending above the base still earns 10%, but as a non-refundable credit available to all qualifying corporations. The record's amount ceiling is $600,000, the refundable 10% of the $6 million base.

British Columbia: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend
LayerRateAmount
B.C. SR&ED credit10% refundable$50,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $450,000$157,500
Combined cash41.5% effective$207,500
Sources: Province of British Columbia; catalogue record B.C. SR&ED Tax Credit.

Saskatchewan: 10% refundable on the first $2 million

Quick answer: Saskatchewan's stated credit is 10%, refundable for CCPCs on the first $2 million of annual qualifying expenditures, non-refundable above that, with total credits capped at $1 million a year per corporation. Combined cash rate at $500,000 of spend: 41.5%, or $207,500.
FactSaskatchewan
Provincial rate10%
RefundabilityRefundable for CCPCs to $2M of annual spend; non-refundable above
Annual cap$1 million per corporation
Threshold changeRefundable limit raised from $1M to $2M effective December 16, 2024
Claim formSchedule 403, with the Saskatchewan corporate return
Record: Saskatchewan Research and Development Tax Credit, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026. Record flags mixed refundability by corporation type.

Saskatchewan doubled the refundable threshold from $1 million to $2 million of annual qualifying expenditures effective 16 December 2024, raising the maximum refundable credit to $200,000. CCPCs get the 10% refundable inside that threshold; other corporations get a 10% non-refundable credit, subject to the $1 million annual cap that applies to everyone. File Schedule 403 with the Saskatchewan corporate return; if you also claim the federal SR&ED ITC, the T661 deadline applies to it separately.

Saskatchewan: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend
LayerRateAmount
Sask. R&D credit10% refundable$50,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $450,000$157,500
Combined cash41.5% effective$207,500
Sources: Government of Saskatchewan; catalogue record Saskatchewan R&D Tax Credit.

Ontario: an 8% refundable credit plus a 3.5% non-refundable one

Quick answer: Ontario runs two credits. The Ontario Innovation Tax Credit is 8% refundable; the Ontario Research and Development Tax Credit is 3.5% non-refundable. Combined refundable cash rate: 40.2%, or $201,000 on $500,000 of spend via the OITC path.
FactOntario
Provincial rates8% (OITC, refundable) + 3.5% (ORDTC, non-refundable)
OITC size limitPrior-year taxable capital of the associated group must not exceed $50M; the credit phases out to nil above that
OITC record ceiling$240,000 (per-record amountMax)
ORDTC record range$1,000 to $500,000 (per-record amountMin to amountMax)
Claim formsT2 with federal T661; Ontario schedules 566 (OITC) and 508 (ORDTC)
Filing windowWithin 18 months of fiscal year-end; missing it forfeits the OITC for that year permanently
Records: Ontario Innovation Tax Credit and ORDTC, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.

Ontario runs two credits, and the difference between them matters more than the rates suggest. The OITC is 8% refundable, and it shrinks with size: the record ties it to associated-group taxable capital of $50 million, phasing out to nil above that. The ORDTC is 3.5% and non-refundable, so it only helps a corporation that already owes Ontario tax. Both require the federal claim: you must qualify for the federal SR&ED ITC and file the T661 for the year, and the OITC is claimed within 18 months of fiscal year-end, with the record stating plainly that missing that deadline forfeits the credit for the year permanently.

Ontario: CCPC, $500,000 qualifying spend, refundable OITC path
LayerRateAmount
Ontario OITC8% refundable$40,000
Federal SR&ED35% of $460,000$161,000
Combined cash40.2% effective$201,000
The ORDTC would add further non-refundable value against Ontario tax payable; a profitable corporation should model both on its own return. Sources: Ontario.ca, OITC; Ontario.ca, ORDTC; catalogue records OITC and ORDTC.

Which provinces and territories have no R&D tax credit at all?

Quick answer: Three jurisdictions have no provincial or territorial R&D credit, and the GrantCompass catalogue lists no credit there: Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. In all three the federal 35% is the entire rate, and combined cash on $500,000 of qualifying spend is $175,000.
JurisdictionProvincial R&D creditCombined rate (CCPC)Cash on $500,000
Prince Edward IslandNone offered35% federal only$175,000
Northwest TerritoriesNone offered35% federal only$175,000
NunavutNone offered35% federal only$175,000
GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026: provincesWithoutRDCredit = PE, NT, NU. The catalogue lists no R&D credit in these three jurisdictions; Newfoundland & Labrador and Yukon have real CRA-administered 15% credits, covered above, that the catalogue does not yet carry.

The practical consequence is simple: your federal claim is the whole claim, and there is no provincial schedule to file or forget. The flip side is the spread. On $500,000 of qualifying spend, a company in one of these three jurisdictions leaves between $26,000 (versus Ontario's refundable path) and $97,500 (versus the top of Quebec's band) on the table. And because the credit follows where the work is physically carried out, where you locate qualifying work is a planning decision, not an accounting afterthought.

Verdict

If you run an R&D operation in P.E.I., the Northwest Territories or Nunavut, your rate strategy is entirely federal: maximize the 35% enhanced claim, file the T661 inside 18 months, and document contemporaneously. There is no provincial layer to optimize, and no provincial layer to rescue a weak federal claim.

Refundable and non-refundable credits are not the same money

Quick answer: A refundable credit is paid to you in cash whether or not you owe tax. A non-refundable credit only reduces tax you already owe. For a pre-revenue or loss-making company, which describes most companies doing serious R&D, this is the only distinction that matters.
Which part of each provincial credit arrives as cash for a company with no tax payable. The federal 35% is refundable for CCPCs in every jurisdiction. GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.
JurisdictionRefundable portionNon-refundable portion
QuebecStated refundable across the 20% to 30% bandNone stated
AlbertaBoth the 20% and 8% tiersNone stated
Manitoba7.5% in-house; full 15% via qualifying institute contract7.5% in-house (carried back 3 years, forward 20)
New BrunswickAll 15%None stated
Nova Scotia15%, where the corporation has or would have taxable income allocated to N.S.None stated
N.L. / YukonAll 15% (CRA-administered; no catalogue record yet)None stated
B.C. / Saskatchewan10%, up to each province's expenditure limit ($6M base in B.C.; $2M of spend in Saskatchewan)10% above the limit (both provinces)
Ontario8% (OITC)3.5% (ORDTC)
P.E.I. / NT / NUNone offeredNone offered
  • Quebec / Alberta / N.B.: share of stated credit that is refundable100%
  • Manitoba via qualifying institute contract100%
  • Manitoba in-house R&D50%
Refundable shares stated in the records; GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.

Verdict

The rate a pre-revenue company should read is the refundable one, never the headline. Manitoba is the clearest case: its 15% headline delivers 7.5% in cash on in-house R&D, because half the credit is non-refundable. Contract the work to a qualifying institute and the full 15% becomes refundable: the structure of the work changes what you receive.

Every rate on this page assumes you are a CCPC. What if you are not?

Quick answer: The 35% enhanced federal rate is for Canadian-controlled private corporations. The record ties it to CCPC status with taxable income under $800,000 and taxable capital under $75 million. Outside that, the federal basic rate is 15%, and a 15% credit is a different program in kind, not just in size.
If you are a CCPC with taxable income under $800,000 and taxable capital under $75 millionYour federal rate is 35%, refundable, on up to $6 million of expenditures

Every combined figure on this page applies to you. Budget 2025 raised the expenditure limit directly from $3 million to $6 million, so the maximum enhanced credit is $2.1 million a year.

If you are a CCPC above those thresholds, or a public or foreign-controlled corporationYour federal rate is the 15% basic rate, generally non-refundable

The 15% reduces tax owing rather than paying you cash, and several provincial layers change with it: Saskatchewan's credit is non-refundable for non-CCPCs subject to the $1 million annual cap, and B.C.'s refundable credit extends to eligible Canadian public corporations only for tax years beginning on or after 16 December 2024.

If you are not sure whether you count as a CCPCResolve that before you model any provincial layer

The federal rate decision changes every number downstream, so resolve it with your accountant before comparing provinces.

Corporation typeFederal rateFederal credit on $500,000
CCPC, within the $6M limit35%, refundable$175,000
CCPC, above the limit15%, non-refundable$75,000
Public or foreign-controlled15%, non-refundable$75,000
Record: SR&ED, GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026 (35% / 15% tiers; $3M to $6M expenditure limit; $2.1M maximum enhanced credit).

The same company, in five provinces, at three sizes

Rates are abstract until you put a payroll behind them. Three real-shaped CCPCs, each entirely within the expenditure limits, with the provincial-then-federal arithmetic applied consistently; Quebec is shown across its full stated band, because one number for Quebec would be wrong for somebody.

Combined cash recovery for a CCPC at three expenditure levels, after each provincial credit reduces the federal base. Quebec spans its stated 20% to 30% band; Ontario shows the refundable OITC path only; Manitoba is in-house R&D.
Qualifying spendQuebecNova ScotiaBritish ColumbiaOntarioNo provincial credit
$100,000$48,000 to $54,500$44,750$41,500$40,200$35,000
$500,000$240,000 to $272,500$223,750$207,500$201,000$175,000
$1,000,000$480,000 to $545,000$447,500$415,000$402,000$350,000
Arithmetic on the stated record rates; GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026. The federal 35% does the majority of the work in every column, including Quebec's.

Those three rows carry one lesson. The gap between best and worst widens with the size of the claim. At $100,000 of qualifying spend the spread between the top of Quebec's band and a no-credit jurisdiction is $19,500. At $1 million it is $195,000, which is a hire.

Two things follow: Quebec's advantage is a large-claim advantage as much as a rate one, and the federal 35% is doing the majority of the work in every column, so optimising the provincial half while filing a weak federal claim is the wrong order of operations.

How do you claim both halves without losing one?

Quick answer: The federal T661 is load-bearing for both halves: file it with the T2, six months after year end, within an 18-month window that has no extensions. Then attach your province's schedule. Alberta allows 21 months for its AT1 Schedule 29; Quebec files the CRIC form RD-1029.8.CR-T with the CO-17; Newfoundland and Labrador wants Schedule 301 within 12 months of the filing due date.
If you are in British ColumbiaFile Form T666 no later than 18 months after year end

Above the $6 million base, claim the non-refundable credit instead.

If you are in AlbertaFile AT1 Schedule 29 within 21 months of fiscal year-end

The federal T661 is a prerequisite within its own 18-month deadline; your two-year base decides the 20% or 8% tier.

If you are in SaskatchewanFile Schedule 403 with the corporate return

CCPCs claim the refundable credit on the first $2 million of annual spend; non-CCPCs face the $1 million annual cap.

If you are in ManitobaIdentify expenditures within 12 months of the return's due date

That shorter window is where Manitoba claimants forfeit the provincial half. The refundable split depends on whether the work is in-house or contracted to a qualifying institute.

If you are in OntarioFile Schedules 566 and 508 within 18 months of fiscal year-end

The record states the OITC is forfeited permanently for the year if the deadline is missed. The ORDTC rides on the same federal qualification.

If you are in QuebecFile form RD-1029.8.CR-T with the CO-17, within 18 months

For taxation years beginning after 25 March 2025 this is the CRIC form. Earlier years claim under the legacy credits with their own deadlines.

If you are in New Brunswick or Nova ScotiaFile Schedule 360 (N.B.) or Schedule 340 (N.S.) with the annual return

No application round in either province. For Nova Scotia, CRA states Schedule 340 is due no later than 18 months after the corporation's tax year-end.

If you are in Newfoundland and Labrador or YukonFile Schedule 301 (N.L., within 12 months of the filing due date) or Schedule 442 (Yukon, within 18 months)

Both credits are CRA-administered and not yet separate records in the GrantCompass catalogue. Newfoundland's 12-month window is shorter than the federal 18 months and is the one most often missed.

If you are in P.E.I., the Northwest Territories or NunavutThere is no provincial schedule. The federal claim is the whole claim

Put your effort into the T661 and its documentation. Nothing provincial exists to file.

  1. Document the technological uncertainty as the work happens; contemporaneous records are what reviews test.
  2. File the T2 with the T661 and Schedule 31; timely refundable claims carry a 45-day processing target effective April 2026 when not selected for review.
  3. The absolute SR&ED reporting deadline, 18 months after tax year end for a corporation. No extensions; unreported expenditures earn nothing.
  4. Attach your province's schedule: T666, AT1 Sch. 29, Sch. 403, Sch. 360, Sch. 340, Sch. 566 + 508, Sch. 301 (N.L.), Sch. 442 (Yukon), or the CRIC RD-1029.8.CR-T with the CO-17.
Deadlines and forms from the records' deadlineNotes and intakePeriods fields; GrantCompass catalogue, September 2026.

Verdict

The filing that matters most is the federal T661, filed within 18 months of your fiscal year-end. Provincial and territorial credits are calculated against the federal qualified SR&ED expenditures, so the federal claim is load-bearing for both halves. Get the federal claim right and the provincial one is mostly a schedule; get it wrong and you usually lose both.

Frequently asked questions

What is the combined SR&ED rate in my province?

For a Canadian-controlled private corporation, the federal enhanced rate is 35% refundable. Nine provinces and Yukon add a credit on top: Quebec at 20% to 30%, Alberta at 8% or 20% depending on whether your R&D spending is growing, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador at 15%, Yukon at 15% plus 5% on amounts paid to Yukon University, British Columbia and Saskatchewan at 10%, and Ontario at 8% refundable plus 3.5% non-refundable. Because the provincial credit reduces the federal expenditure base, the combined cash rate is federal plus provincial minus their overlap: 54.5% at most, in Quebec at the top of its band.

Why is the combined rate less than the sum of the federal and provincial rates?

Because the CRA treats every provincial and territorial R&D credit as government assistance, and government assistance reduces your pool of qualified SR&ED expenditures. The provincial credit is calculated first, then subtracted from the base the federal 35% applies to. The two rates compound rather than add: federal plus provincial minus (federal times provincial). In British Columbia that is 35% plus 10% minus 3.5%, which equals 41.5%, not the 45% headline.

Which provinces and territories have no R&D tax credit?

Three jurisdictions have no provincial or territorial R&D credit, and the GrantCompass catalogue lists no credit there: Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Your federal claim is the whole claim in those jurisdictions, which simplifies filing but leaves 9.75 percentage points of combined cash rate on the table versus the 15% refundable credits of Newfoundland and Labrador and Yukon alone.

Is the provincial R&D credit refundable?

It depends on the province and, in two provinces, on how you structure the work. Quebec, Alberta, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador and Yukon state refundable credits. Manitoba refunds 50% of its 15% credit on in-house R&D but 100% when the work is contracted to a qualifying Manitoba research institute. British Columbia and Saskatchewan refund their 10% up to an expenditure limit and go non-refundable above it. Ontario's 8% OITC is refundable while its 3.5% ORDTC is not.

What happens if I miss the SR&ED filing deadline?

The federal SR&ED reporting deadline is 12 months after the filing due date of your return, which is 18 months after the tax year end for a corporation, and there are no extensions. An expenditure not reported on Form T661 by that deadline earns no incentive at all. Ontario states the same 18 months and calls missing it permanent forfeiture of the credit for that year. Alberta allows 21 months for its AT1 Schedule 29, but only if the federal T661 was filed within its own 18 months.

Did Quebec's 2025 program change affect my rate?

For taxation years beginning after March 25, 2025, Quebec's legacy R&D credits are replaced by the CRIC, the tax credit for research, innovation and commercialization, stated in the GrantCompass record at a 20% to 30% refundable rate that varies by firm size and region. You can still claim the legacy credits for any taxation year that begins before March 26, 2025. The CRIC claim is filed annually with the Quebec CO-17 return on form RD-1029.8.CR-T, within 18 months of your fiscal year end.

Primary sources for every rate on this page

This page is general information about published program rates, not tax advice. Expenditure limits, phase-out thresholds and refundability all turn on facts specific to your corporation; confirm your own position with your accountant before you file.

SR&ED is one program. You probably qualify for several more

Companies claiming SR&ED are routinely eligible for hiring, training, export and equipment funding they never apply for. GrantCompass checks your eligibility across 973 Canadian programs (674 active in the September 2026 catalogue) and walks you through each application. No account is needed to look.